Assessment of Soil Contamination Using GIS and Multi-Variate Analysis: A Case Study in El-Minia Governorate, Egypt
نویسندگان
چکیده
The issue of soil contamination is one the most important subjects that interests decision-makers all over world. It also related to fertility and food security. soils adjacent drains in Egypt suffer from increasing concentration heavy metals, which negatively affects crop quality. Precise spatial distribution maps metals are an essential key mitigating negative impacts on ecosystem. Sixty random locations El-Moheet drainage were chosen west side Nile River, El-Minia governorate, Egypt. Six (Cr, Co, Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn) selected generate their pattern using ordinary Kriging (OK). Principal component analysis (PCA) factors (CF) applied evaluate levels study area. results showed Gaussiang model was a high fit for pH, Exponential EC, Stable OC, Cd. In addition, Spherical both Cr Zn. MSE values close zero while RMSSE one. metal concentrations grouped into two clusters PCA. Furthermore, three degrees obtained (moderate, considerable, very high), with about 70.7% area characterized by considerable concentration, where average (mg kg?1) this degree 91.23 ± 19.5, 29.44 5.2, 53.83 10.2, 1.12 0.3, 36.04 18.0, 101.29 35 Cr, Zn, respectively. current reflect mismanagement use low-quality water irrigation area, increased toxic element surface layers. end, pollutants could support as basis developing appropriate mitigation plans metals.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Agronomy
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2156-3276', '0065-4663']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12051197